Basic facts about Petrol

The modern age of the petroleum industry is said to have begun with the success of mechanical oil drilling achieved by an American engineer named Drake in Pennsylvania in 1859. The petroleum industry began in Japan with the establishment of the Yugen Sekinin Nihon Sekiyu Kaisha in Niigata Prefecture in 1888, and its success in the mechanical drilling of the Amase seabed (Niigata Prefecture) in 1891.

Petroleum accounts for about 40% of the primary energy* used in the world today.
The Middle East leads petroleum exports, accounting for almost 30% of the world's production and almost 45% of the total export. While the United States is the world's second largest producer of petroleum, it is also the world's largest consumer. Since it cannot produce enough to meet its own needs, it also ranks as the world's largest importer.

Low-priced petroleum was in steady supply from the Middle East until the 1970s, but the two oil crises caused the price to rise and brought relative instability to the supply.
This prompted the developed countries to promote greater energy conservation, while developing petroleum resources outside of the OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)* region. Greater efforts were also made in developing alternative energy sources, such as nuclear power generation. As a result, petroleum exports from areas other than the Middle East increased and prices were determined according to the balance between supply and demand. This led to a relatively stable period in the latter 1980s.

However, dependency on the Middle East has recently risen once again. This is because the production volume of the former Soviet Union, which was previously the world's largest petroleum producer, suffered a significant decrease, and domestic demand in Asian oil-producing countries started increasing in the early 1990s, causing a reduction in their export volume.
Rising dependency on the Middle East is expected to continue, and the extreme geographical concentration of these exporting countries suggests future problems in supply stability and increasingly high prices.

OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries): An organization of oil-producing countries formed in September 1960 to protect their interests. The organization consisted of 11 member countries as of September 1998: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Venezuela, Qatar, Indonesia, Libya, UAE, Algeria, and Nigeria. OPEC produced 42% of the world's crude petroleum in 1997 and, as of December 1997, accounted for 78% of the confirmed crude petroleum reserves.

Amazing facts about the human body

1. The brain is more active at night than during the day. Scientists don't know yet why this is.

2. The higher your IQ, the more you dream.

3. Facial hair grows faster than any other hair on the body.

4. The nail on the middle finger grows faster than the other fingernails.

5. Fingernails grow nearly four times faster than toe nails.

6. The lifespan of a human hair is 3 to 7 years on average.

7. The acid in your stomach is strong enough to dissolve zinc. It doesn't destroy the stomach because because the stomach walls constantly renews itself.

8. Women's hearts beat faster than men's.

9. Women blink twice as many times as men do.

10. Women are born better smellers than men and remain better smellers over life.

11. Men burn fat faster than women by a rate of about 50 calories a day.

12. Men get hiccups more often than women.

13. A man has approximately 6.8 litres of blood in the body while women have approximately 5 litres.

14. The largest cell in the body is the female egg and the smallest is the male sperm.

15. During your lifetime, you will produce enough saliva to fill two swimming pools.

16. Babies are always born with blue eyes. The melanin in their eyes needs time to be fully deposited or to be darkened by ultraviolet light to reveal the baby's true eye color.

17. Men have erections every hour to hour and a half during sleep. This is because the combination of blood circulation and testerone production can cause erections during sleep and are a necessary part of REM sleep.

18. After eating too much, your hearing is less sharp.

19. If your saliva cannot dissolve or mix with food, you will not be able to taste that food (try tasting something after drying off your tongue)

20. Noise causes the pupils of your eyes to dilate.

21. Everyone has a unique smell, unique finger print and unique tongue print.

22. By age 60, most people will have lost half their taste buds.

23. Your eyes remain the same size after birth but your nose and ears never stop growing.

24. A simple, moderately severe sunburn burns the blood vessels extensively.

25. We are about 1cm taller in the mornings than in the evenings.

26. The strongest muscle in the body is the human tongue.

27. The hardest bone in the human body is the jaw bone.

28. The hands and feet contains almost half of the total bones in the human body.

29. About 32 million bacteria call every inch of your skin home, but they are mostly harmless and some of them are even helpful.

30. Humans shed and regrow outer skin every 27 days.

31. Three hundred million cells die in the human body every minute and everyday and adult produces 300 billion new cells.

32. The colder the room you sleep, the higher the chances are that you would get a nightmare.

33. Humans are the only species that produce emotional tears.

34. All babies are color blind at birth, they see only black and white.

35. The only part of your body that has no blood supply is the cornea in the eye. It gets its oxygen directly from air.

36. A normal human being can survive 20 days without eating but can survive only 2 days without drinking.

37. It is impossible to kill yourself by choking yourself with your hands.

38. Everybody has one strong eye and one weak eye.

39. Your skeleton keeps renewing itself every ten years which means that every ten years you get a new skeleton.

40. The human feet have 500,000 sweat glands and can produce more than a pint of sweat a day.

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